Showing posts with label research. Show all posts
Showing posts with label research. Show all posts

Research odds and ends and one pet peeve

It's really fun to share these, but posting them here also has the added benefit of giving me somewhere to look when I vaguely remember reading something useful "somewhere." So here's what struck me as interesting in the last month or so.

"A human female skeleton has a more rounded pelvis, more rounded shoulder blades, and thinner bones than male skeletons. Women tend to have narrower rib cages, smaller teeth, less angular jaws, less pronounced brow ridges, and a small protuberance at the back of the skull; the carrying angle of the forearm is more pronounced in females than in males." (from The Skeleton Crew by Deborah Halber)

The most common phrase in suicide notes is "I'm so tired."

A thirty-second earthquake generally has a magnitude in the mid-sevens. A minute-long quake is in the high sevens, a two-minute quake has entered the eights, and a three-minute quake is in the high eights. By four minutes, an earthquake has hit magnitude 9.0.  (http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2015/07/20/the-really-big-one)

If you ever have to write battles but you're not a tactician, two books that might spark ideas (or work as models) are Les Miserables by Victor Hugo and Texas by James Michener. Les Mis has way more information about the battle of Waterloo than I ever desired to know and section VI of Texas explains clearly not just how the Alamo was taken but how Mexico won subsequent battles, and the remarkable battle at San Jacinto where Sam Houston's 900-man army outfoxed Santa Ana and his army of 1,200 in a battle that lasted a mere eighteen minutes, ending the war with Mexico.

Moose, unlike other members of the deer family, can kick in all directions, including sideways.

Due to postmortem fermentation when a body is not kept cool after death, there can be “false positive” blood alcohol reports up to 0.20 grams/% (http://www.atlantainjurylawblog.com/uncategorized/blood-alcohol-scores-after-death-can-be-false-positive-up-to-0-20.html)

And as promised, one pet peeve.

Hazel eyes are not some shade of light brown. They are not brown with green flecks. They are either brown with green around the iris or green with brown around the iris (true hazel.) I know this because hazel eyes run in my family. My dad had them, I have them, and my youngest niece has them. Also, green eye shadow does not make them look green; it makes them look brown. And visa versa. And when you're pupils dilate, they look whatever color the outside of the iris is (in my family, that's green.)

Research Odds and Ends



A 1996 study found that four-fifths of American millionaire earned their fortunes within their own lifetime. So did an 1892 study. (from The Millionaire Next Door: The Surprising Secrets of America's Wealthy)

People are more likely to use "please" and "thank you" to get what they want in South Carolina, North Carolina, Maryland, Louisiana and Georgia. Texas was also named one of the most courteous in this category. (http://www.chron.com/life/article/Study-Texas-is-one-of-the-most-polite-states-in-5034406.php)

Luminol, that spray that we're all so familiar with from crime shows, glows blue when exposed to hemoglobin (blood). But it also glows when exposed to cleaning agents, bleach, human waste, urine stains, and rust. (from Waiting to be Heard by Amanda Knox)

Probably only interesting to me (because I'm an economics junkie), but for twelve years, the CEO of Caesars in Las Vegas was an economist.

If you're looking for an embezzler, check to see who doesn't take vacations. (Because they're afraid someone else will trip over their paper trail.) (from When to Rob a Bank by Steven D. Levitt and Stephen J. Dubner)

I love a good spy story. Especially the true ones. It occurs to me that it might be useful to remember that during WWII, the Germans had a decentralized spy network where the individual spy master's career became dependent on how well their spies performed, particularly if they had a "star protege." More than once, this led to the spy master covering up for flaws and failing to report suspicions that their spy had been turned (which happened over and over because England knew who all the German spies were and turned the ones who were amiable into double agents and put the ones who weren't out of commission.)

It takes ten or twelve seconds to lose conscious from blood loss (and consequent oxygen deprivation to the brain). In spite of this, people who are shot often drop as soon as they're hit. There's no consensus on why. (Stiff by Mary Roach)

A male heart is slightly different from a female heart. A heart surgeon can tell one form the other by looking at an ECG, because the intervals are slightly different. When a female heart is transplanted into a man, it will continue to beat like a female heart. And visa versa. (Stiff by Mary Roach)

Just an aside. When I first started this blog, I did a few posts called Careers for Characters, which were interviews with people who had what I thought were interesting jobs. I did this partly because there are so many jobs out there that it seems like a shame that we see characters in the same old occupations over and over again. I didn't keep it up mostly because it was really time consuming to put the interviews together (although the one I did on sonographers [very popular with students in training] is easily the most popular of all my posts.) In any case, I still keep an eye open for interesting jobs, and it occurred to me that Mary Roach's book Stiff would be great source material for someone looking at certain careers. In particular, I can envision a character using the tools available to him as a crash test engineer to solve crimes. If I wrote that sort of story, I'd be very excited to discover the chapter in Roach's book that looks at how the research is done. Just saying...

Research Odds and Ends

I thought it might be fun to share those odd little tidbits that one learns in the course of researching . . .  well, whatever. I probably won't be doing this on any regular schedule. Just now and then.

~***~
There is no "safest seat" on an airplane. At least not if the plane is involved in a midair collision. However, if the plane is on the ground and you need to evacuate, it's best to be seated within four rows of an exit.
~***~
People who commit suicide in a bathtub are invariably clothed.
~***~
Asking a witness (or suspect) to tell their story backwards can have an interesting effect according to The Scientific American: This strategy has a double effect: For truth tellers, it makes recall easier—in another HIG study, reverse telling produced twice as many details as did recounting chronologically. For liars, the task becomes harder when put in reverse; they become more likely to simplify the story or contradict themselves.
~***~
I can't see how I'll ever use this, but one never knows. Still it's interesting.
When neuroscientists want to wash the brain clean of emotions (as when they're doing a comparative study), they pick a large number (like 8,241) and ask the subject to count backward in increments of seven. Supposedly, this is something one could do to calm down when one is upset. Kind of like counting to ten, but way harder. Source: Why We Love by Helen Fisher
~***~
The hoof of the Arabian horse tends to be longer than other breeds. Hence, farriers aren't fond of shoeing Arabians because the shoes need to be modified.


Please feel free to share your interesting research in the comments.

Tuesday Teaser ~ King of the Cowboys

I don't think of myself as a big reader of biographies, but I guess it depends on the person. This week, I'm reading King of the Cowboys by Ty Murray. This is written with a lot of humor and I'm enjoying it tremendously. Plus, he gets extra points for acknowledging his ghost writer on the cover. (You don't really think most of those autobiographies of famous people are actually written by them, do you?)


Blurb:
The most famous rodeo champion of all time tells his amazing true story -- and opens a fascinating window into the world of the professional cowboy.

Ty Murray was born to be a rodeo star -- in fact, his first words were "I'm a bull rider." Before he was even out of diapers, he was climbing atop his mother's Singer sewing machine case, which just so happened to be the perfect mechanical bull for a 13-month-old. Before long, Ty was winning peewee events by the hatful, and his special talent was obvious...obvious even to a man called Larry Mahan. At the time the greatest living rodeo legend, six-time champion Mahan invited a teenaged Ty Murray to spend a summer on his ranch learning not just rodeoing but also some life lessons. Those lessons prepared Ty for a career that eventually surpassed even Mahan's own -- Ty's seven All-Around Championships.

In King of the Cowboys, Ty Murray invites us into the daredevil world of rodeo and the life of the cowboy. Along the way, he details a life spent constantly on the road, heading to the next event; the tragic death of his friend and fellow rodeo star Lane Frost; and the years of debilitating injuries that led some to say Ty Murray was finished.

He wasn't. In fact, Ty Murray has brought the world of rodeo into the twenty-first century, through his unparalleled achievements in the ring, through advancing the case for the sport as a television color-commentator, and through the Professional Bull Riders, an organization he helped to build.

In the end, though, Ty Murray is first and foremost a cowboy, and now that he's retired from competition, he takes this chance to reflect on his remarkable life and career. In King of the Cowboys, Ty Murray opens up his world as never before.

Opening:
 It all comes down to this. All the work, all the dreams, all the sweat, tears, blood, mud, fear, doubt, sacrifices, and victories boil down to this one moment in this dirt-filled arena. Everything I've dreamed of, everything I've worked for my entire life, comes down to these final eight seconds, which is how long I hope to stay on the back of a 2,200-pound brindle called Hard Copy.

Teaser:
The horse was old and smart, the kind of animal that tries to teach all new kids a thing or two. Later in my career we joked that horses like that had been around so long they could hum the national anthem.


Tuesdays is a weekly bookish meme, hosted by MizB of Should Be Reading. Anyone can play along! Just do the following: Grab your current readOpen to a random pageShare two (2) “teaser” sentences from somewhere on that page. BE CAREFUL NOT TO INCLUDE SPOILERS! (make sure that what you share doesn’t give too much away! You don’t want to ruin the book for others!)Share the title & author, too, so that other TT participants can add the book to their TBR Lists if they like your teasers! To see what others are sharing on the Teaser Tuesdays, check the comments at: http://adailyrhythm.com/




Share the first paragraph (or a few) from a book you are reading. Here's the link: Bibliophile By The Sea

Tuesday Teaser/Opener ~ The Untold Story

The Untold Story: My 20 Years Running the National Enquirer by Iain Calder isn't something I would normally read, but I'm writing a rom-com where the heroine goes to work for a tabloid, so this is research. (One of my favorite things about being a writer is that I get to research so many things.) I've actually read this once already, but I'm about to start rewrites, so I'm reading it again. I did learn all sorts of things about the Enquirer that I didn't know that gave me more respect for them (something they were seriously lacking before I read this.)


The Blurb:
The flashing bulbs of the paparazzi. The iconic names: Liz, Michael Jackson, Jackie O, Jen and Brad. Americans are obsessed with the famous and the beautiful, their lives, loves, break-ups, and breakdowns. From Entertainment Tonight to People, from primetime to the E! channel, our appetite for celebrity news is seemingly insatiable. But in the beginning only the National Enquirer went boldly where other publications feared to tread.

In this no-holds-barred account of the most infamous tabloid in America, Iain Calder, its former editor-in-chief, tells all. Over the course of a career that spanned four decades, Calder brought the lurid newspaper to new heights, dramatically raising circulation by combining his streetwise journalist background with the genius of Enquirer publisher Generoso Pope, Jr.

Calder was born in a small village in Scotland, left school at sixteen, and rose through the ranks of the Glasgow newspapers. His intense work ethic, ruthless tricks to throw competitors off his scent, and nose for a story served him well, and he was tapped to head the Enquirer's London bureau. At that point, the lowly Enquirer was a collection of gory photos of car crashes and murder victims, but Calder corralled the best freelance journalists in Europe and started honing the formula that would transform the tabloid: a unique mix of celebrity scandal, hard-nosed reporting, and feel-good stories. Pope moved him to the American offices of the Enquirer, and the duo transformed the tabloid and, in the process, American journalism.

Calder exposes the stories behind the headlines and the wickedly intrepid Enquirer tactics for getting the scoops. With Calder at the helm, the National Enquirer ran the infamous shot of Gary Hart and Donna Rice and the record-breaking photo of Elvis in his coffin. And it was the New York Times that dubbed the Enquirer "the Bible" of the O.J. Simpson trial after reporters infiltrated O.J.'s inner circle. From the contents of Henry Kissinger's trash and the identity of John Belushi's drug dealer to Princess Grace's tragic death, the Enquirer told us what inquiring minds wanted to know as it took celebrity news from the back pages to the front pages and television screens of mainstream publications and programs.

Calder re-creates the exhilaration of being at the Enquirer during its most extraordinary period and details the way he and his staff broke the biggest exclusives of the day. At its core, The Untold Story is also a love letter from Calder to the glorious tabloid he helped create.

The Opening:
  It was 1964, and life was good.
  I was twenty-four years  old, with almost nine years of journalism under my belt. I'd covered every kind of story from airline crashes and coal-mind disasters to murders and national elections, and now I was a member of the Glasgow Daily Record's Heavy Mob, the reporters sent out on the front lines of the cutthroat Scottish tabloid wars. I was well paid, with work that was exciting and fulfilling. I was engaged to a special woman, Jane Bell, a a hair stylist, who seemed ready to put up with me and the demands of my career.

Teaser:
  We were way ahead of our time covering BDG. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration finally approved BCG as a cancer-fighter for bladder malignancy, and the "new" treatment got wide press coverage in May 1990--eighteen years after we first reported on it.



Tuesdays is a weekly bookish meme, hosted by MizB of Should Be Reading. Anyone can play along! Just do the following: Grab your current readOpen to a random pageShare two (2) “teaser” sentences from somewhere on that page. BE CAREFUL NOT TO INCLUDE SPOILERS! (make sure that what you share doesn’t give too much away! You don’t want to ruin the book for others!)Share the title & author, too, so that other TT participants can add the book to their TBR Lists if they like your teasers! To see what others are sharing on the Teaser Tuesdays, check the comments at: http://adailyrhythm.com/






Share the first paragraph (or a few) from a book you are reading. Here's the link: Bibliophile By The Sea

You can Fool the Fans but Not the Players

A while back, I read a book that included a house fire. I've never been inside a burning house (knock on wood), but I've seen an amazing safety film that made an indelible impression and I know it looks nothing like a Hollywood fire.

First, the smoke is thick and black and visibility is next to non-existent. The video below gives an idea of how visibility decreases. I'm guessing they used something that generated white smoke, but house fires tend to generate black smoke which makes it much worse.



Second, the author describes it as a miracle that the couple who lived in the house hadn't succumbed to the smoke. A miracle would be exactly it in the most literal sense of the word. Barring the smoke, in roughly 4 minute in a house fire, the temperature can reach nearly 600 degrees. One breath will sear your lungs. There won't be a second breath. (This is a big reason firefighters have masks and oxygen tanks.) So in a house where the floors are already collapsing, these people will not be begging the firefighter to save them as the author of the book I read had them doing. They would already be dead.

Will I ever read another book by this author? Not likely. The author lives too far inside fantasyland for me and they couldn't be bothered to do any research. Will others read them? Of course. Because many people read uncritically and they don't know any more about fires than the author did. But anyone who does know better will roll their eyes over that. And I do wonder how many emails the author got about how unrealistic the scene was.

So doing research is important because someone out there will always know the reality of whatever you're describing. But it's more than big things like house fires.

For instance, I don't know what it is about the game of pool, but I regularly see scenes where the hero and/or heroine play pool. I'll admit, on this subject, I'm that well informed reader authors fear. I've played the game. Both eight- and nine-ball. Not only that, but I used to run with players. You know. Players. Those people who actually bet money on the game. Some even made their living at it. I know the hustle. I know how they spot a weaker player. I know the jargon.  Like what a race to five is, or double-foul, ball-in-hand, in the jaws, or what hard eight means. I know what lagging for the break is, what they mean when they call someone a bar champ or when they call a shot "slop," and how to spot someone in nine ball. I know there's a difference between "bank the eight" and "bank to the eight," and how to use the difference against your opponent. I even know what a rainbow spot is and what is meant by the money ball.

So when I see authors (and editors) disrespecting the game, I'm not amused. Especially when it's something easy to look up like what color the two ball is or which balls are solids and which are stripes. (Yes, I've seen an author get that very basic information wrong.)

Probably the most accurately written pool scene I've ever read was in Jennifer Crusie's Faking It. Jennifer admits she found someone who knew the game to help her. Kudos on that. Except, of course, that anyone who feels pool is their religion, as the heroine's brother did, would default to nine-ball because that's the money game. It's also a game of greater skill.

Since I try to keep this at least PG rated, we won't go into what appears to be the most common fallacy of the romance genre: where the hymen is located, but I will say, it's not where most romance authors seem to think it is, and shame on them for not doing their research.

Don't be that author who gets it wrong. Don't base what you write on the Hollywood version. Don't think having an editor is any guarantee of anything. Do your research. Find an expert. Because you may be able fake it and fool the fans, but you will never, ever be able to fool the players.

What errors have you seen in books that drove you crazy?